PENGENALAN KOMPUTER BAB 2
++Componen Dasar Komputer
- Input device(keyboards and pointing device*mouse)
- Output device(display or Video monitor, priter, speaker)
- Cental processing unit(CPU)
The CPU: The Real Computer
ü CPU (microprocessor)
Ø Interprets and executes the instructions in each program
Ø Supervises arithmetic and logical data manipulations
ü CPU (microprocessor)
Ø Communicates with all the other parts of the computer system indirectly through memory
Ø An extraordinarily complex collection of electronic circuits
Ø Housed along with other chips and electronic components on the motherboard
++Memory dan Storage device
- Primary storage: RAM (Random Access Memory)
- Secondary storage: Storage devices that serve as
long-term repositories for data
· Hard disk drives
§ Recordable CD and DVD drives
§ Tape drives
++A bit about bits
Bits, Bytes, and Buzzwords
Bit-related terminology
-Byte = 8 bits
-KB =1000 byte
-MB =1000 KB
-GB =1000 MB
-TB =1000 GB
Bits as Numbers
ü Binary number system
Ø Binary denotes all numbers with combinations of two digits.
Ø Decimal numbers are automatically converted into binary numbers and vice versa.
Ø Binary number processing is completely hidden from
the user.
the user.
ü ASCII
Ø The most widely used code
Ø An abbreviation of American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ü Unicode
Ø A coding scheme that supports 65,000 unique characters
++MEMORI KOMPUTER
ü RAM (random access memory)
Ø Used to store program instructions and data temporarily
Ø Unique addresses and data can be stored in any location
Ø Can quickly retrieve information
Ø Will not remain if power goes off (volatile)
ü ROM (read-only memory)
Ø Information stored permanently on a chip
Ø Contains startup instructions and other permanent data
ü CMOS (complementary metal oxide
semiconductor)
Ø Special low-energy kind of RAM
ü Flash memory
Ø Used for phones, pagers, portable computers, handheld computers, and PDAs
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